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Human ß-defensin 1 (hBD1) is an ubiquitously expressed endogenous antimicrobial peptide that exhibits qualitatively distinct activities between its oxidized and reduced forms. Here, we explore these antimicrobial mechanisms. Surprisingly, using electron microscopy we detected a so far unknown net-like structure surrounding bacteria, which were ...
Beta-defensin 1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the DEFB1 gene. [5] [6]Defensins form a family of microbicidal and cytotoxic peptides made by neutrophils.Members of the defensin family are highly similar in protein sequence. This gene encodes defensin, beta 1, an antimicrobial peptide implicated in the resistance of epithelial surfaces to microbial colonization.
Author summary The human body is constantly challenged by commensal and by pathogenic bacteria. Antimicrobial molecules of the innate immune system protect the human body from bacterial overgrowth and keep human microbiota in balance. One of the most prominent antimicrobial molecules is the human beta defensin 1 (hBD1). It is, in contrast to other defensins, constantly expressed by epithelial ...
hBD1. APE. Cancer. Infection. 1. Introduction. Since 2010 human β-defensin 1 was named the "restless warrior" (Prado-Montes de Oca, 2010). Restless because hBD-1 is an always-expressing gene (constitutive) and warrior because it defends our body from both external (as in infections) as well as internal assaults (as in cancer).
We report the isolation and characterization of a novel peptide with significant sequence homology to beta-defensins from human blood filtrate. The human beta-defensin-1 (hBD-1) is a short basic peptide of 36 amino acid residues. It contains six cysteines forming three intramolecular disulfide bonds …
Generation of recombinant hBD1 and its variants. Generation of hBD-1 and its variants is described in the Supplementary Methods and Supplementary Table 2. Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy
Human β-defensin 1 (hBD-1) is a multifaceted antimicrobial peptide being a tumour suppressor and, depending on call of duty, capable of inducing self-nets and neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) to capture and/or kill bacteria, participates in inflammatory responses in chronic diseases including hBD-3 upregulation and also capable of up/downregulation in the presence of certain species of ...
Secretion profiles of HBD1, HBD2, and HBD3 to the culture medium were quantified by ELISA. In comparison with basal conditions, the secretion profile of HBD1 remained without significant changes; HBD2 level in CHD and AMN increased 1.9- and 1.4-times, respectively, after stimulation with bacteria. HBD3 secretion level increased significantly (7 ...
This article explores the antimicrobial mechanisms of hBD1, an endogenous peptide that exhibits distinct activities between its oxidized and reduced forms. It reveals that hBD1 red forms a net-like structure that captures bacteria and prevents bacterial translocation, while hBD1 ox does not.
Unlike hBD-1, which is produced constitutively, hBD-2 in respiratory tract epithelial cells and epidermal and gingival keratinocytes is expressed in response to bacterial infection or proinflammatory agonists, suggesting a role for this β-defensin in epithelial host defense under those conditions (8, 12, 16, 17, 18, 19).The regulated expression of hBD-2 is consistent with that described for ...