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Antarctica is the fifth-largest continent, being about 40% larger than Europe, and has an area of 14,200,000 km 2 (5,500,000 sq mi). Most of Antarctica is covered by the Antarctic ice sheet, with an average thickness of 1.9 km (1.2 mi).
Antarctica, the world's southernmost continent, is almost wholly covered by an ice sheet and is about 5.5 million square miles (14.2 million square km) in size. It is divided into East Antarctica (largely composed of a high ice-covered plateau) and West Antarctica (an archipelago of ice-covered mountainous islands).
Learn about the Antarctic region, a polar area around Earth's South Pole, and its continent, islands, waters and wildlife. Find out how the Antarctic Treaty System, the Antarctic Convergence and the Southern Ocean affect the region's conservation and climate.
Learn about Antarctica, the coldest, driest and windiest continent with the least people. Find out its geography, geology, life, history and treaty.
Learn about Antarctica's geography, wildlife, seasons, and how NASA studies its ice and meteorites. Find out how Antarctica helps NASA explore Mars and astronaut nutrition.
Visit the Definitions and Notes page to view a description of each topic.
Antarctica approximates a circular form, except for the outflaring Antarctic Peninsula and two principal bays, the Ross Sea and the Weddell Sea. East and West Antarctica are separated by the long chain (1,900 mi [3,000 km]) of the Transantarctic Mountains. The ice sheet overlaying the continent represents about 90% of the world's glacial ice.
Learn about the physical features, climate, and regions of the frozen continent. Find out how Antarctica is divided by the Transantarctic Mountains, how many volcanoes are hidden under the ice, and what natural resources it has.
Learn about Antarctica, the only continent with no permanent human population. Explore its physical geography, climate, wildlife, and human activities in this article with maps, photos, and vocabulary.
Antarctica is administered through annual meetings - known as Antarctic Treaty Consultative Meetings - which include consultative member nations, non-consultative member nations, observer organizations, and expert organizations; decisions from these meetings are carried out by these member nations (with respect to their own nationals and ...