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The class 2 type VI RNA-guided RNA-targeting CRISPR-Cas effector Cas13 can be engineered for RNA knockdown and binding, expanding the CRISPR toolset with a flexible platform for studying RNA in ...
CRISPR-Cas13 systems use single-subunit RNA-guided Cas13 effectors for targeted RNA recognition and cleavage. This Review summarizes the recent advances in understanding the structural and ...
CRISPR/Cas13 system, recognized for its compact size and specificity in targeting RNA, is currently employed for RNA degradation. However, the potential of various CRISPR/Cas13 subtypes, particularly concerning the knockdown of endogenous transcripts, remains to be comprehensively characterized in plants. Here we present a full spectrum of editing profiles for seven Cas13 orthologs from five ...
Learn about Cas13, a novel type of RNA targeting CRISPR enzyme that can be reprogrammed for RNA manipulation, knockdown, editing, and diagnostics. Explore the different subtypes, orthologs, and applications of Cas13 in bacteria and mammalian cells.
Cas13 enzymes have two higher eukaryotes and prokaryotes nucleotide-binding (HEPN) endoRNase domains that mediate precise RNA cleavage with a preference for targets with protospacer flanking sites (PFSs) observed biochemically and in bacteria (10, 11).Three Cas13 protein families have been identified to date: Cas13a (previously known as C2c2), Cas13b, and Cas13c (12, 13).
The defining feature of Cas13 is a pair of higher eukaryotes and prokaryotes nucleotide-binding (HEPN) domains. In Cas13, the two HEPN domains (HEPN1 and HEPN2) dimerize intramolecularly to form the active site in response to target-transcript recognition, which contrasts with other HEPN proteins that typically homodimerize (10, 11).
We and others have reprogrammed Cas13 to silence oncogenic fusion transcripts by targeting their tumor-specific breakpoint sequence (23, 24). However, single-base precision silencing of SNVs with Cas13 remains highly challenging due to the well-known mismatch tolerance capability of various Cas13 enzymes (18, 25-27). Thus, systematic and ...
Cas13 can specifically recognize targeted RNA fragments to activate the Cas13/crRNA complex for collateral cleavage activity. To date, the Cas13X protein is the smallest effector of the Cas13 family, with 775 amino acids, which is a promising platform for RNA targeting due to its lack of protospacer flanking sequence (PFS) restrictions, ease of ...
Notably, Cas13 has been utilized for site-targeted single base edits, demethylation, RNA cleavage or knockdown and alternative splicing. However, the ability to edit large stretches of mRNA ...
This Review focuses on CRISPR-Cas type VI Cas13 systems that use single-subunit RNA-guided Cas endonucleases for targeting and subsequent degradation of foreign RNA, thereby providing adaptive immunity. Notably, distinct from single-subunit DNA-cleaving Cas9 and Cas12 systems, Cas13 exhibits target RNA-activated substrate RNase activity.