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A dicentric chromosome is an abnormal chromosome with two centromeres that can cause genetic disorders and cell death. Learn how dicentric chromosomes form, their roles in radiation and cytogenetics, and their clinical consequences.
Dicentric Chromosome Assay is a biodosimetry tool that measures the frequency of abnormal chromosomes caused by radiation exposure. It is specific and sensitive for radiation, but requires specialized laboratories, techniques, and calibration curves.
Translocations described in the text. (a) Telomere Fusion, creating a dicentric chromosome with minimal DNA loss but potentially causing secondary copy number aberration via the BFB cycle.(b) Dicentric Translocation, a reciprocal translocation producing a dicentric chromosome, and an acentric chromosome which is lost at cell division; (c) Balanced Reciprocal Translocation, producing two ...
Learn about dicentric chromosomes, which are chromosomes with two centromeres that can cause anaphase bridging, chromosome breakage and mitotic instability. Find chapters and articles on dicentric chromosome formation, detection and analysis from various scientific journals.
Dicentric chromosomes are products of genome rearrangement that place two centromeres on the same chromosome. Depending on the organism, dicentric stability varies after formation. In humans, dicentrics occur naturally in a substantial portion of the population and usually segregate successfully in …
A dicentric chromosome is a rare and unstable genetic condition that occurs when a chromosome has two centromeres. It can be caused by inversion, translocation, telomere instability or radiation, and can lead to genomic instability and cancer.
Dicentric chromosomes have been observed in a number of physiological situations and can arise by several different mechanisms. For example, telomere erosion can lead to chromosome fusions producing dicentrics and subsequently result in tumor formation (Blasco et al. 1997; Davoli and de Lange 2012). Similarly, translocation events that occur ...
In order to correlate the dose delivered and dicentric frequency, Pearson's correlation was determined at the 5% or P [less than or equal to] 0.05 level of significance. A dose-response curve for biodosimetry from a 6 MV electron linear accelerator
Transmissible dicentric chromosomes have been observed in at least two cases in Drosophila melanogaster [71,72]. If such a dicentric chromosome were sufficiently detrimental, but not completely lethal, laboratory populations should exhibit strong selection for events that neutralize the segregation problems.
The dicentric chromosomes that involved maize A and B chromosome translocations mentioned above were formed from the process of B-F-B cycle. Recently, a translocation between chromosomes 1 and 5 was revealed by FISH ( Fig. 2 ) to be an A-A dicentric chromosome, with one centromere inactive ( Gao et al., 2011 ).