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glyoxal
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Glyoxal is an organic compound with the chemical formula OCHCHO and the smallest dialdehyde. It is used as a crosslinker, solubilizer and building block in various industries and syntheses, and it can modify proteins and DNA by glycation.
Glyoxal attacks the amino groups of proteins, nucleotides, and lipids with its highly reactive carbonyl groups. A sequence of non-enzymatic reactions, called glycation, yields stable advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) with a background extent of 0.1-1% of lysine and arginine residues in proteins and 1 in 1.0 X 10-7 nucleotides in DNA. ... Glyoxal forms stable adducts with guanosine by ...
Glyoxal solution is a 40 wt.% solution of glyoxal, a linear aliphatic dialdehyde, in water. It is used as a crosslinking agent, a derivatizing reagent, and in the synthesis of glyoxal bis (4-phenyl-3-thiosemicarbazones).
Glyoxal is a dialdehyde that can be obtained from natural sources or as a by-product of biological processes. It is used as a formaldehyde substitute in wood adhesives, as a substrate for enzymes, and as a precursor for various heterocyclic compounds.
Learn about glyoxal, a dialdehyde that can be used as a formaldehyde substitute in wood adhesives and composites. Find out its sources, uses, toxicity, and references from ChemicalBook.
Sources of glyoxal. Another way in which glucose can be converted to glyoxal is via a Schiff base intermediate [].A Schiff base is a functional group that contains a carbon-nitrogen double bond and is formed from the acyclic form of glucose reversibly reacting with an amino acid (typically lysine or arginine) [].Once the Schiff base forms, it exists primarily in the cyclic form, but it can ...
Glyoxal is a reactive carbonyl compound that can form advanced glycation end products (AGEs) with proteins, lipids and nucleic acids. Learn about the sources, mechanisms, effects and applications of glyoxal and AGEs in medicine and dentistry.
Glyoxal is a highly reactive aldehyde widely present in common diet and environment and inevitably generated through various metabolic pathways in vivo.Glyoxal is easily produced in diets high in carbohydrates and fats via the Maillard reaction, carbohydrate autoxidation, and lipid peroxidation, etc.
GLYOXAL reacts vigorously with strong oxidizing agents such as nitric acid. Polymerizes rapidly even at low temperature if anhydrous [Noller]. Aqueous solutions are more stable but also polymerize on standing. Reacts with itself in the presence of base to give glyconates. Undergoes addition and condensation reactions that may be exothermic with ...
ACGIH: Documentation of the Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices (BEIs) - Glyoxal. See annual publication for most recent information. World Health Organization (Kielhorn, J., Pohlenz-Michel, C., Schmidt, S. and Mangelsdorf, I.): Glyoxal (Concise International Chemical Assessment Document 57), 2004, approx. 61 pp.