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hnRNP
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hnRNP C is a key regulator of the BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes. In response to ionizing radiation, hnRNP C partially localizes to the site of DNA damage, and when depleted, S-phase progression of the cell is impaired. [8] Additionally, BRCA1 and BRCA2 levels fall when hnRNP C is lost.
This review will discuss the current knowledge about the different hnRNP family members, focusing on their structural and functional divergence. Additionally, we will highlight their involvement in neurodegenerative diseases and cancer, and the potential to develop RNA-based therapies.
The hnRNP I and L are involved in multiple cellular processes, including mRNA stabilization (Söderberg et al. 2007) and translation (Bushell et al. 2006), but are most probably better known for their activities in pre-mRNA processing. The hnRNP L is a regulator of inducible exon skipping in CD45 mRNA upon T cell activation (Melton et al. 2007).
Structure of hnRNP proteins. (A) The RNP-CS-RBD motif has a βαββαβ structure.The octameric RNP1 and hexameric RNP2 sequences are juxtaposed on β3 and β1, respectively. The structure shown is of multiple isomorphous replacement (MIR) of two RBDs of human hnRNP A1 at 1.75 Å (PDB ID: 1HA1) (Shamoo et al. 1997).(B) The KH domain comprises a triple β-sheet platform supporting three α ...
Proteins of the hnRNP family are composed of several domains joined together by linker regions that vary in length. All hnRNPs except for hnRNP U contain multiple RNA-binding domains in tandem, which enable them to bind to more than one RNA segment simultaneously [1, 20].In addition to RNA-binding domains, many hnRNPs contain other domains, such as RGG boxes (repetitions of Arg-Gly-Gly ...
These proteins hnRNP complex composition: dynamic arrays of transcript-binding proteins hnRNP complexes can be immunopurified from various cell using monoclonal antibodies against known hnRI%P function in a staggering array of cellular activities, ranging from types transcription and pre-mRNA processing in the nucleus to complex proteins ...
HnRNP C is able to crosslink to uridine tracts, regulating alternative splicing . HnRNP F and hnRNP H bind RNA containing G quadruplexes and G tract motifs which result in alternate splicing [29, 36] and hnRNP A binds to splicing factor U2AF . TDP-43, another member of the hnRNP family, is also found to be implicated in many neurodegenerative ...
The heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein A1 (hnRNP A1) is the most abundant and ubiquitously expressed member of the heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoproteins family (hnRNPs). hnRNP A1 is an RNA ...
Heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoproteins (hnRNPs) are predominantly nuclear RNA-binding proteins that form complexes with RNA polymerase II transcripts. These proteins function in a staggering array of cellular activities, ranging from transcription and pre-mRNA processing in the nucleus to cytoplas …
Moreover, hnRNP UL1 is required for ataxia telangiectasia and Rad3-related protein (ATR)-dependent signaling in response to viral infection 2, 26. In addition, hnRNP UL1 interacts with the long noncoding RNA (lncRNA), DNA damage-sensitive RNA1 (DDSR1), which affects cell proliferation, DDR signaling, and DNA repair capacity through HR.